Book Reviews: Legacies of Race: Identities, Attitudes, and Politics in Brazil by Stanley Bailey (2024)

Revista PortoArte, 2019

The presence of blacks in Brazilian art and the intentional deletion of their presence can be directly related to the processes that have determined their role in society. We are still immersed in a white-oriented art history; thus, our endeavor is to reconsider the words, images, displays and collection storage spaces that reverberate widespread ignorance when raising questions such as: Where are the blacks? We have to ponder over modernities and their reaffi rmations, based on principles echoing mestizaje, myths and ghosts that still haunt possible stories that represent the defi nitive and vast majority of black people in Brazilian society. Keywords Brazilian Art History. Blacks. Racialization Resumo A presença de sujeitos negros na arte brasileira e seus apagamentos constituem paralelo direto aos mesmos processos de localização desses sujeitos na vida do país. Estamos imersos em uma história da arte branca e a empreitada passa por rever as palavras, imagens, displays e reservas técnicas que ecoam um profundo desconhecimento quando projetam perguntas como: Onde estão os negros? Cabe ainda a tarefa de pensar as modernidades e suas reafi rmações baseadas em princípios que ecoam mestiçagens, mitos e fantasmas que ainda assombram a possibilidade de histórias que correspondam à defi nitiva e numericamente maioria de sujeitos negros na sociedade brasileira. Palavras-chave Histórias da Arte Brasileira. Negros. Racialização.

University of Pennsylvania Working Papers in Linguistics, 2006

IMISCOE Research Series

Journal of Anthropological Sciences, 2018

The article links reflections about Brazilian race relations with institu- tional transnational dialogues between Brazil and ‘Africa’. I point out that although racial/cultural mixture and the ‘brown’ census category have traditionally reflected much of national identity in Brazil, Brazil today is increasingly spelling out its blackness, both on the national and international scenes. I highlight that, not by coincidence, this fact is hap- pening at a historical moment when programmes of ‘black’ affirmative action and other differential politics in favour of Afro-descendants are taking off in the country, and also at a time when Brazil is expanding its geopolitical and economic interests in Africa.

P IERRE BOURDIEU and Loïc Wacquant claim that 'brutal ethno-centric intrusions' by North American 'cultural imperialists' (1999: 44) have distorted scholarly and social movement ideas of race and identity in Brazil. They specifically point to the 'driving role played by the major American philanthropic and research foundations in the diffusion of US racial doxa within the Brazilian academic field at the level of both representations and practice' (1999: 46). These authors accuse US foundations of inappropriately imposing their conceptions of race on the Brazilian case by requiring grantees to implement US-style affirmative action, use dichotomous black/white categories and promote US-style black movements. They seem to make a facile assumption that because US foundations spend millions of dollars in Brazil and prioritize research on race then they must be successfully imposing standard North American conceptions of race on that country. Bourdieu and Wacquant's analysis exaggerates the power of US foundations in Brazil, fails to understand how programming decisions are made within the foundations, greatly underestimates the intellectual agency of the Brazilian academy and its black social movement, and reveals a rather dated understanding of the academic literature and public opinion on race in Brazil. While I sympathize with a concern for the disproportionate influence of US ideas and sociological concepts overall, and, in some cases, the power of US foundations to export them, Bourdieu and Wacquant's choice of Brazilian race relations as an example of US domination greatly diminishes the strength of their argument. In particular, the Ford Foundation does not impose a US model of race in Brazil, especially not in the simplistic way that Bourdieu and Wacquant envision. Certainly, Ford and other US foundations are influential, but by no means are they the 'driving force' behind

Revista de Direitos Humanos Atâtôt - UEG, 2020

Resumo. A identidade negra, como qualquer processo identitário, envolve muitos fatores para que seja construída de forma positiva e sem distorções que sejam capazes de oprimir o indivíduo. Um desses fatores é o reconhecimento existente entre os demais indivíduos acerca da identidade em construção. As formas como esse reconhecimento se dá pode ser decisiva para que o indivíduo forme uma identidade autêntica e positiva. No Brasil, a construção de uma identidade negra requer um esforço maior em função dos reflexos negativos da escravidão e do racismo estrutural que dificulta a construção de uma identidade baseada em premissas positivas. Palavras-Chave: Identidade. Racismo. Reconhecimento. Direitos Humanos Abstract. Black identity, like any identity process, involves many factors for it to be positively constructed and without distortions that can oppress the individual. One of these factors is the recognition that exists among other individuals about the identity under construction. The ways in which this recognition occurs can be decisive for the individual to form an authentic and positive identity. In Brazil, the construction of a black identity requires a greater effort due to the negative reflexes os slavery and structural racism that make it difficult to construct an identity based on positive premises. Introdução O processo de construção de uma identidade envolve múltiplos fatores, podendo ocorrer em diversas fases da vida e até mesmo mais de uma vez durante a vida de um mesmo individuo, uma vez que nossas relações com os outros e fatores externos a nós podem influenciar de maneira significativa esse processo. Segundo Charles Taylor (2000 p.245), para falar a respeito de identidade é preciso levar em consideração uma característica crucial da vida humana, seu caráter dialógico.

Luis Fernando Angosto Ferrández; Sabine Kradolfer. (Org.). Everlasting Countdowns: Race, Ethnicity and National Censuses in Latin American States. 1ed.Cambridge: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2012, v. , p. 264-303. , 2012

International Journal of Politics, …, 2008

Psicologia & Sociedade, 2013

Este artigo e uma revisao de literatura sobre dimensoes do pertencimento etnico-racial de pessoas consideradas brancas e nao brancas a partir da ideologia da supremacia racial branca ou branquitude. O trabalho traz uma analise sobre os impactos da branquitude na psicologia de brancos e nao brancos no Brasil. Para tanto, utilizo referencias teoricas criticas da branquitude para destacar processos de desumanizacao sofridos por pessoas brancas neste contexto; e lanco mao de referencias teoricas criticas com base na visao de mundo africana para analisar processos de desumanizacao especificos da populacao afrodescendente numa sociedade racista.

HISTORY OF BLACK PEOPLE IN BRAZIL AND THEIR ANCESTRAL IDENTITY (Atena Editora), 2023

The construction of "ethnic-racial" identity as a social process is crossed by a wide range of factors that condition or permanently transform it. This article aims to carry out an analysis of the political and cultural factors that conditioned the construction of the identity of the black population in rural and urban areas after the emergence of the Constitution, but through a deconstructionist exercise of essentialist approaches to ethnicity. The article analyzes how the mechanisms have been of political inclusion from the top down, but with processes of social organization. On the other hand, it analyzes the way in which black identity has emerged in urban centers and areas and their areas of influence, where there is cultural syncretism and its traditions reinventing urban cultural dynamics. A relationship of black alterity, in which representations play between black and non-black individuals. The article also reflects criticism on the role of academic research on "ethnic-racial" social movements and the discourses that are built around this type of social mobilization.

Small Axe: A Caribbean Journal of …, 2009

International Journal of African Studies, 2021

Discussion of recent books in English on racial politics in Brazil; introduces concept of "semiotic ideologies" to work on race